Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Background: Dietary status plays a vital role in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Given the disease’s high prevalence, assessing nutritional status is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of renal dietary interventions on the wellbeing of CKD patients.

Methods: Thirty-five relevant publications were identified through PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. Of these, 25 studies with complete data were included in the meta-analysis.

Results: The analysis highlighted the pivotal role of nutrition in CKD management. Most studies showed that tailored dietary interventions improved biochemical parameters, delayed disease progression, and enhanced quality of life. Balanced intake of energy, protein, and micronutrients maintained nitrogen balance, reduced uremic toxins, and mitigated oxidative stress, whereas excessive protein, sodium, and phosphorus accelerated renal decline.

Conclusion: Evidence supports individualized, balanced nutrition with adequate calories, moderate protein restriction, and optimal micronutrient intake are beneficial for CKD patients. However, variability in study design, dietary monitoring, and patient adherence remains a key limitation.